ENDS — Estrategia Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel
Approved by Presidential Decree, the Estrategia Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel (ENDS) – Angola’s National Sustainable Development Strategy – is the overarching long-term framework that defines the country’s economic, social, and institutional transformation goals through 2050.
Key Facts
- Full Name: Estrategia Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentavel (National Sustainable Development Strategy)
- Timeframe: Long-term horizon through 2050
- Implementing Body: Government of Angola, coordinated by the Ministry of Economy and Planning (Ministerio da Economia e Planeamento)
- Relationship to PDN: The Plano de Desenvolvimento Nacional (PDN 2023-2027) is the medium-term implementation instrument derived from ENDS
- Core Pillars: Economic diversification, human capital development, infrastructure modernisation, institutional reform, environmental sustainability
- Sector: National Policy and Planning
Strategic Framework
ENDS establishes Angola’s long-range vision for transitioning from an oil-dependent economy to a diversified, middle-income state. The strategy identifies structural dependence on crude oil – which accounts for roughly 90-95% of export earnings and 50-60% of government revenue (IMF Article IV, 2024) – as the principal vulnerability and sets diversification across agriculture, mining, fisheries, manufacturing, and services as the central objective. ENDS frames capital markets development, including the growth of BODIVA and the ProPriv privatisation pipeline, as instruments for mobilising private investment and reducing the state’s direct role in commercial activity.
The strategy cascades into medium-term plans. The current Plano de Desenvolvimento Nacional (PDN 2023-2027) translates ENDS priorities into specific targets with budget allocations and performance indicators. Sector-specific programmes such as PRODESI (Programa de Apoio a Producao, Diversificacao das Exportacoes e Substituicao das Importacoes), which targets domestic production and import substitution, and the financial inclusion strategy ENIF (Estrategia Nacional de Inclusao Financeira) are also derived from ENDS. The Lobito Corridor rail and port modernisation project, backed by US DFC and G7 financing, aligns with ENDS infrastructure goals by creating a trade route from the DRC copper belt to Angola’s Atlantic coast.
For investors, ENDS provides the policy backdrop against which regulatory reforms, privatisation timelines, and sector-specific incentives should be evaluated. The strategy’s emphasis on private-sector participation, capital market deepening, and institutional governance reform signals the direction of Angola’s structural adjustment – making it essential context for any medium- to long-term investment thesis in the country.